The Law of Tort and Business Contracts - 3325 Words

Law of Tort and Business Contracts Introduction According to law, tort occurs when a person fails to observe duty imposed on one by law, to ensure there is no injury to a determinate person. In most cases, the remedies for a tort are in the form of unliquidated damages for instance different amounts of compensation, which are determined by the courts of law. The law seeks to compensate the aggrieved party, unlike the criminal cases where the offenders are punished according to law. However, certain cases in tort fall both in the civil and criminal law brackets. Examples include assault and battery. The tort of negligence is addressed in this article, because of its influence compared to the other torts of law. The liability attracted by negligence comes from a basis of duty to practice reasonable care (Geistfeld, 2011, pg 144). First case analysis: Rare Plants Limited In the first scenario of the case, an elderly/disabled member of a coach party slips on a pathway and breaks a leg. After the accident, the member spends time in hospital (8 weeks) and suffers considerable pain during treatment. In this case, the home care is liable to ensure the residents are safe when on the premises. Knowing the premise users are elderly and disabled, the owner will be liable when it is foreseen or contemplated that the actions and omissions may lead to the injury of the residents. The owner of the home care owed the residence a duty of care. From the given scenario, the owner is liableShow MoreRelatedCommon Law Torts: Elements and Defenses Essay1579 Words   |  7 Pagescome into play. This catapults the proliferation of tort laws. Tort laws incorporate laws that govern private civil wrongs. For this reason, torts law serves as a remedy to a person who is wronged or harmed. This research paper accentuates the importance of common law torts in a dynamic economic environment as mitigation measures to curb escalating business challenges. Common Law Torts: Elements and defenses Since the time immemorial, various laws continue to be put in place to safeguard moralityRead MoreTorts and Contract Liabilities and Ways to Avoid Them1419 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head: TORTS AND CONTRACT LIABILITIES AND WAYS TO AVOID THEM Potential Torts and Contract Liabilities And Different Ways to Avoid Them Abstract People who do business as a sole proprietor or in a partnership are liable for the torts committed by them and for torts committed by the business and its agents. The best way to avoid tort liability is to set establish their business as a corporation or a limited liability company. A corporation or limited liabilityRead MoreTort Liability and Contract Liability.1484 Words   |  6 PagesTort Liability and Contract Liability A tort is a legal term for a wrong. The tort law is composed of state statutes and court decisions that gives one the right to sue someone who causes harm to them, whether its a drunk driver, a corporation that manufactures a defective product, a credit card company that overcharges you, or a government bureaucrat that breaks the law or a school official such as a teacher or principal. The law of the state in which the school is located determines a schoolsRead MoreAspect of Contract and Negligence of Business 1095 Words   |  4 Pages Unit: 5 Aspect of Contract and Negligence of Business Assignment Cover Sheet Assignment No: 1 I hereby confirm that this assignment is my own work. I have identified and acknowledged all sources used in this assignment and have referenced according to the Harvard referencing system. I have read and understood the Plagiarism and Collusion section provided with the assignment brief and understood the consequences of plagiarising. Table content: Read MoreIRAC Brief1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ IRAC Brief Law/531 Facts of the Case According to  United States District Court District of Massachusetts  Civil Action 11-10313-GAO  (2013), Anderson, Silva, Johnson and Funches contracted through a limited liability company by the name of SLS to perform delivery services work on behalf of HDA (United States District Court District of Massachusetts,  2013). Plaintiffs Case Each driver was provided with their truck Trucks provided to the contractors bore Sears Logo Uniforms bore bothRead MoreContractual and Non Contractual Liability1278 Words   |  6 PagesLiability I. Contract A contract is an agreement having a lawful object entered into voluntarily by two or more parties, each of whom intends to create one or more legal obligations between them. The elements of a contract are offer and acceptance by competent persons having legal capacity who exchange consideration to create mutuality of obligation. Contracts may be bilateral or unilateral. A bilateral contract is an agreement in which each of the parties to the contract makes a promiseRead MoreTortious Liability955 Words   |  4 PagesTOPIC: WHAT IS TORT, AND TORTIOUS LIABILITY ? From a legal standpoint, a tort is a private or civil wrong or injury (other than a breach of contract) for which a court of law may provide a remedy through a lawsuit for damages (compensation). For example, when a person violates his/her duty to others created under general (or statutory) law, a tort has been committed. Tort law relies heavily on the common law, the legal opinions of the Courts, general trends in the community, and legal scholarshipRead MoreThe Law Of Obligation Is A Private Law1672 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout history, the law of obligation has held such prodigious value in the face of private law. Being the heart of both Contract and Tort law, it is a pervasive phenomenon of our social life. Both Tort and Contract law protect the rights, and ‘that protection cannot be legitimately compromised to achieve the aim of just distributing’ . This proposition may be true in the late 19th century, in the present time, however, the law of obligation has be en ‘built on the law of its predecessors, manipulatingRead MoreCase Study : Albert And Baker1152 Words   |  5 Pages1. Albert and Baker have considered the merits of forming the company as a general partnership, thus a co-ownership of a business for profit. Under the Uniform Partnership Act, hence a model act that codifies partnership law, Albert and Baker’s respective rights to any profits of the company would be an equal share. According to Cheeseman, â€Å"Partnership agreements often provide that profits and losses are to be allocated in proportion to the partners’ capital contributions. The right to share inRead MoreBUGusa Inc. Worksheet1168 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ October 21, 2013 LAW/421 University of Phoenix Material BUGusa, Inc., Worksheet Use the scenarios in the Bugusa, Inc., link located on the student website to answer the following questions. Scenario: WIRETIME, Inc., Advertisement Has WIRETIME, Inc., committed any torts? If so, explain. WIRETIME has committed Defamation in the form of trade libel against BUGusa, Inc. by taking out a print ad in an industry magazine (University of Phoenix, 2013). According to

Why Was There a Struggle Between the Bourgeoisie and the...

Why, according to Marx and Engels in The Manifesto of the Communist Party, was there inevitably struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, which would create the preconditions for socialism? ___________________ The theories of Karl Marx have influenced some of the world’s greatest thinkers. Marx’s idea of the inevitable class struggle within capitalism and consequent place for a socialist society is professed within ‘The Manifesto of the Communist Party.’ It is necessary to explore why Marx and Engels believed class conflict to be unavoidable in order to understand why the preconditions for socialism could be established. It is clear that economics is at the heart of Marxist thought and it can be arguably suggested that†¦show more content†¦The nature of capitalism meant the bourgeoisie needed to exploit their workers in order to make a surplus. If they didn’t do this they would fall themselves into the proletariat and their employees would work for someone who would. This made the situation of the proletariat all the more dire. Marx expressed this view when he defined the proletariat as â€Å"a class of labourers, who live only so long as they fi nd work, and who find work only so long as their labour increases capital† (page 8). This meant that the chances of a proletariat had to advance into a higher economic class were reduced and a further polarisation of classes would develop. This meant that a class struggle was inevitable if one views Marx’s theory as one of ‘group-formation’ as is explored by Reinhard Bendix in his study of Marx. Bendix suggests that in Marx’s view â€Å"ruling classes are aware of their common interests and have the organizational means to promote them, while oppressed classes still seek to achieve class consciousness and organizational cohesion.† Hence due to a lack of class consciousness the proletariat continue to struggle. This was inevitable, according to Bendix view of Marx, due to the nature of the oppressed classes. A similar idea that causes inevitable class conflict mentioned again by Bendix is that a â€Å"lack of acquaintance and competing interes ts divided the workers amongst them-selves. Although all of them lived a starkly deprived life, theirShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pageswith a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from the practical world of organizations. The authors’ sound scholarship and transparent style of writing set the book apart, making it an ingenious read which invites reflexivity, criticalness and plurality of opinion from the audience. This is a book that will become a classic in organization studies. Mihaela L. Kelemen, Professor of Management Studies, Keele University, UK An unusually rich and deep philosophical

The Problem of Obesity free essay sample

The Problem of Obesity Western Governors University Collegiate Level Reasoning and Problem Solving James Reed The Problem of Obesity Obesity is a major problem in American. Year after year, new diets are published, and new medications are hailed as wonder drugs that will take weight off with little physical effort, yet the problem still exists unabated. In testimony before the US Congress, Berzins (2001) asserted that, â€Å"[weight] is a complex result of heredity, culture and lifestyle. † According to Rosin (2004), â€Å"About one-third of the U. S. opulation is 20 percent or more overweight and is therefore at risk of suffering high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and other cardiovascular diseases. † Finding the best way to deal with obesity in America is also a problem. Since it is an open-ended problem, there is no certain solution. Some of the factors that impact the complexity of the problem of obesity are healthcare costs to treat obesity-related diseases, se cond-hand diseases which arise from obesity, such as diabetes and hypertension, and the fact that there has never been a successful treatment found for obesity. Biases and assumptions about the topic of obesity include believing or not believing genes play a role in this condition, the idea that it is all right to eat more calories, as long as one is on a low fat diet, and perhaps the most cliched of all, that â€Å"Overweight persons are†¦unhealthy, unattractive, asexual, weak-willed, lazy and gluttonous† (Smith, 1996). In a certain way, we face persons and environments affected by obesity every day. Our whole American society, for example, places too much value on physical appearance. But the obese themselves may include those with sedentary lifestyles who do not get the physical activity they need and then rely on television for entertainment. They may be partial victims of a culture filled with â€Å"quick fix† remedies for being overweight or a portion of the population who are constantly looking for a miracle cure. One major ambiguity regarding obesity in America is the differing definitions people apply to the term. Some would define a person who is visibly round, but not struggling to climb a flight of steps, obese. The clinical definition of besity is a Body Mass Index of 30 or higher, but most who use the word will not be referencing it in the clinical sense. There is no one clear cut definition of obesity in our society, which makes the word ambiguous. Another major ambiguity is that no consensus has been reached as for how great an impact the condition has on our health. Smith (1996) asserts that â€Å"†¦there is no evidence that obesity sig nificantly decreases longevity. † Conversely, Farley Cohen (2004) exclaim â€Å"†¦at the rate Americans are dying, we’d better start treating obesity like an infectious epidemic. This inconsistent diagnosis serves to make the threat level of obesity ambiguous. Gaesser (2004) asserts that one does not need to be lean in order to be fit. He cites coronary artery disease, the number one killer in America, as an example. Logic should dictate that obesity would be a major cause of this problem, assuming fat on the body begets fat in the blood stream and arteries. But research done at the University of Tennessee, in which coronary angiograms of 4,500 men and women were analyzed, showed the risk of clogged arteries lessened as weight increased (2004). It’s just that body weight, and even body fat for that matter, do not tell us nearly as much about our health as lifestyle factors, such as exercise and the foods we eat† (Gaesser, 2004). Health problems can be corrected without losing any weight at all. The New England Journal of Medicine published a study in 1997 that showed 133 men and women with high blood pressure lowered their systolic blood pressure an average of 11. 4 mmHg simply by eating more fruits, vegetables and using low fat dairy products, yet they had no weight loss. This shows that â€Å"a heavier-than-average person who is physically fit has a better chance of living a long life than does a thin coach potato† (2004), and supports his statement that one does not need to be lean in order to be fit Gaesser’s conclusion is that personal responsibility for one’s food choices and exercise regimen have more impact on health than obesity does. His assertion that one can be fit without being lean is pragmatic. Its limitation is that not many people will accept this prudent advice. We value physical beauty, which is equated to being thin, too much in our society. Cohen and Farley (2004) point out that in 1991, researchers at St. Luke’s Hospital in New York estimated obesity killed 325,000 Americans annually. In addition to the human toll, the cost of caring for patients with obesity- related diseases exceeded $70 billion annually, for which the government pays about half (2004). Cohen and Farley feel the situation is so dire, â€Å"we’d better start treating obesity like an infectious epidemic† (2004). They note that all methods the medical community has prescribed to fight obesity have failed, and that â€Å"most drugs tested as obesity cures have been so dangerous that the FDA has kept them off the market or withdrawn them after approval† (2004). The strength of their evidence is that it gives urgency to the issue. Cohen and Farley feel a favorite remedy of health professionals concerning obese patients is to recommend diet and exercise, which is prescribed to get a patient to a more desirable weight in the short run, but what this population needs is a healthy diet and physical activity as part of their everyday life. Our sedentary lifestyle contributes greatly to the obesity â€Å"epidemic. † Cohen and Farley assume that more government involvement will be a better way of dealing with obesity in America. They assume that if the number of sidewalks and bike paths are increased, people will be more inclined to exercise and drive less. However, just because more of these will be built does not ensure they will be used by the public. They believe the government should impose a tax on food they deem detrimental to our health, regulate the ways this food is advertised, and limit its accessibility. However, at a time when both houses of congress are controlled by the Republicans, a party whose philosophy is â€Å"they who govern least govern best,† it is unrealistic to think that additional taxes and bureaucracy will be considered an effective strategy. The authors propose a three step solution to the problem. First, initiate a â€Å"twinkie tax† on sodas and junk food. Next, the food industry should be regulated, even if it only comes in the form of banning junk food ads aimed at children. Finally, limit the places where unhealthy foods are available â€Å"†¦through zoning and planning† (2004). The limitations of these suggestions are numerous. Americans feel overtaxed already, hence the Republican revolution we have seen in recent years. Secondly, people do not like being told what is right or wrong for them, which is what regulation insinuates. Third, in a capitalist society, why should any legitimate enterprise be subject to such an arbitrary stipulation as limiting where it can do business? Smith (1996) is the executive director of the National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance. Naturally, she argues that attempts at weight loss, through dieting or drug treatments, re usually not successful, citing a study that shows 95 percent of dieters fail to maintain weight loss over a five year period. This strong evidence corroborates her opinion that dieting is not an effective long-term tool in fighting obesity. Smith is very persuasive in stating that â€Å"†¦the diet industry’s advertising and marketing strategy is based on the creation and perpetuation of fe ar, biases and stereotypes. People of all sizes are being misled about the extent and severity of the health risks associated with being fat and are told that being thin is the only way to good health and that dieting makes people thin† (1996). She calls for obesity researchers to stop their attempts to make fat people thin and to focus on ways people can be healthier while carrying extra weight. While the government has tried to make diet companies give accurate reflections of what clients can expect from their products, Smith believes it can do more. She calls for a federal labeling and advertising act, similar to the one which was enacted for cigarettes in the early 1970s, that would ban radio and television commercials for weight loss products and diets. Additionally, she calls for a warning label on all diet products to call attention to their history of long-term ineffectiveness. One limitation to Smith’s solution is how realistic it is. A total ban on advertising would be fought tooth and nail by the diet industry, which would make the credible argument that they are only providing a product which the American public has overwhelmingly supported. Also, fighting this ban would be broadcast media, who would stand to lose millions in advertising revenue. This problem does not carry the same weight with the American public as the health risks of smoking. Contrary to Smith, Poston and Shinn (2003) believe that obesity is a serious health problem with its basis being found in food portions and lack of exercise. They cite that 55 percent of American adults are estimated to be overweight or obese (2003). The duo dispute the notion that heredity plays a significant part in determining if one will become obese, stating, â€Å"no research has established the existence of genes necessary for the development of obesity† (2003). The authors provide evidence that over-consumption is the biggest contributor to America’s weight problem. The USDA recommended serving of meat is 3 ounces, about the size of a deck of cards. Yet restaurants servings, and even cookbooks found in our homes, are almost always double this amount. However, even if you forgo dinner for the movies, â€Å"a medium size movie theatre popcorn consists of 16 cups,† when the standard serving is three (2003). There is no escape from the oversized threat. Shinn and Poston present evidence that can be interpreted two different ways. They cite less than 10 percent of American adults engage in regular physical activity, and nearly 60 percent describe a sedentary lifestyle. While they use these numbers to stress our need to increase exercise, the same evidence can be used to demonstrate that exercising is not a priority, or even a major concern, for American adults. In order to curve our oversized portions and spectator lifestyle, the authors conclude we should keep a journal of foods eaten and size of the portion, make physical activity a daily routine, and start keeping an exercise log. The obvious limitation to this solution is that if American’s do not see exercising as a priority, their sloth will also preclude them from the extra work of keeping copious notes regarding diet and exercise. Any discussion about obesity in America must include a look at junk food and fast food and their perceived role with our battle of the bulge. Rosin (2004) notes the work of Dr. Kelly Brownell, Director of Yale’s Center for Eating and Weight Disorders, who has declared, â€Å"To me, there is no difference between Joe Camel and Ronald McDonald. † Rosin states that roughly one-third of our population is at least 20 percent overweight and thus run a higher risk of obesity-related diseases, such as high cholesterol, hypertension and high blood pressure. However, she disagrees with Brownell’s belief that a fat tax should be instituted to discourage people from eating fatty foods. Rosin makes a strong case for an alternative to fat taxes by citing an experiment that used alternative pricing for various foods. Researchers in Minnesota reduced the prices at a vending machine for all snacks that had less than 3 grams of fat by 50 percent. The sale of these snacks increased by 80 percent over the next three weeks while fatty snack sales dipped slightly. The strength of this evidence is that it indicates people may eat healthier snacks when given incentives. While these results seem promising, a limitation to Rosin’s conclusion is the assumption that these sales figures will remain steady. It is one thing to try something new every once is a while, but another to incorporate this into a daily routine. Buchholz (2005) feels that fast food is getting a bad rap. He notes that currently, Americans eat about 200 calories a day more than they did in the 1970s. Where are these calories coming from? Buchholz cites a US Department of Agriculture â€Å"Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals† study, in which information on how food was purchased, prepared and where it was eaten is disseminated in conjunction with demographics. â€Å"The survey shows that the answer is as close as the nearest salty treat. Americans are not eating bigger (meals), but they are noshing and nibbling like never before† (2005). In the late 1980s, we as a society ate less than one ounce of snacks per day. However, by 1994 this number had risen to 1. 6 ounces. â€Å"Where do Americans eat most of their between-meal calories? Mostly at home,† Buchholz finds (2005). Those attacking fast food also note the portion sizes of â€Å"super sized meals. † Yet Buchholz is convincing in citing a February, 2003 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association that concluded the â€Å"†¦most surprising result [was] the large portion size increases for food consumed at home—a shift that indicates marked changes in eating behavior in general† (2005)which supports his theory that fast food is not the primary cause of obesity. Buchholz’s conclusion is that if we want a burger for lunch, we should go ahead and have one, since the weight risks of fast food appear murky. This is good news for fast food coinsurers, but the premise is limited because it does not mention anything about exercise, which must be incorporated into people’s lives if they are to be healthy. In looking at obesity in America, we must also look at how large size persons are viewed, and how they view themselves. Berzins (2001) states that prejudice against fat persons, or sizeism, is a very common problem faced by our heavier population. She relates how children as young as three, when asked to pick a friend who is either handicapped, disfigured or fat, will almost always select the fat child last. Particularly sad is how one young boy, himself overweight, stated he choose the fat friend last â€Å"because he looks just like me† (2001). Berzins wants the government to do more to help those who are overweight with their perception of self, and how others perceive them. Unfortunately, this is much easier said than done. She implores the adaptation of a policy that will â€Å"†¦promote†¦respect for a wide range of body sizes and shapes† (2001). This assumption that the government can change attitudes with policy is setting it up to fail. The history of cinema and television is filled with actors who have made careers ut of their portly physiques. From â€Å"Fatty† Arbuckle in the 1920s, to Chris Farley and Rosie O’Donnell, overweight people have always gotten laughs with self-deprecating humor. If fat people don’t treat themselves with respect, nobody else will. Berzins concludes consumer protections from the government will help. †Å"Ensure that prescription weight loss drugs such as Phen-Fen are prescribed as directed and not exploited for cosmetic or economic reason† (2001), she insists. The limitation is how can this be ensured when you are dealing with egos who will pay anything to look thin and doctors who are willing to oblige? Abuse of medicine is as old as the medical profession itself. Levine (1999) tackles the much deeper question of why people overeat. She points out that food is a major part of our lives, not just a means by which we survive. â€Å"Think about it. What do most people do when they get together? They eat. They eat brunch†¦lunch†¦dinner. What do we think of when we get together for Easter, Passover, Christmas, Thanksgiving, etc? What are we going to eat? † (1999). Levine feels that food is medicinal. Eating is to some is what a cigarette or a shot of booze is to others. She tells the story of Michael Hebranko, who was listed in the Guinness Book of Records for losing the most weight in the shortest amount of time, 735 pounds in just a year and a half. Asked why he gained all that weight back plus a little more, he answered, â€Å"I took care of the outside problem instead of the inside one† (1999). â€Å"Overeating,† Levine assumes, â€Å"has more to do with unconscious wishes and fears than anything else. Truly! Even though you are certain you want to be thin, if you are consistently overeating, unconscious wishes and fears of being thin most likely exist† (1999). The weakness of this assumption is that it is an unproven hypothesis. If there were scientific merit to support it, then it would be stronger. But all psychoanalysis is open to interpretation and uncertainty. Levine proposes a â€Å"compromise solution,† a psychoanalytic term describing how our egos find middle ground to produce the least anxiety when trying to solve a problem. Her solutionstay fat. The best solution is no solution at all. A blatant limitation is that this gives no hope to those who overeat. According to Levine, they have no control over their destiny and will never be thin, so why try? We would not tell someone who suffers from chronic depression they would never be happy so just get used to it. When it comes to a solution, I feel Gaesser’s assertion that personal responsibility is the biggest determining factor regarding obesity is correct. One may have the desire to be healthy, but without the discipline to do what is necessary, it will remain a desire. My solution is to simply educate the general public that thin is not healthy, explain proper diet and exercise are the best prevention for, and course of action against, obesity. This can be done through Public Service Announcements, school health programs, and work-related wellness programs. The limitation to this proposal is, as stated before, not everyone will heed this simple approach to good health. It calls for some work, which doesn’t coexist well with a sedentary lifestyle, which the majority of Americans report leading. Smith’s suggestion that placing warning labels on diet products, which would warn of the ineffective longevity of the same, would be a beneficial step to adopt, since there is such a misconception that dieting is an effective tool in battling weight. The warning labels are in fact a type of education, which I advocate. However, there is no guarantee a warning would influence everyone. Shinn Poston’s meticulous program of keeping information on food intake and exercise is also a valid approach to see how easy it is to get off track while trying to take proper care of oneself. Taken in conjunction with other measures, these steps may help many cease the endless cycle of weight loss due to dieting, and the almost inevitable weight gain, or yo-yo dieting. Limitations include the resistance of diet companies to be forthcoming about their product’s long term effectiveness, and the extra work required to keep diet and exercise records. To encourage healthier eating habits, at least where snacking is concerned, I propose tweaking the experiment Rosin described in which healthier snacks were provided at a discount. Keep the ten best-selling fatty snacks and candy bars in public vending machines, and then raise the amount of healthy options and offer a discount on them. Limitations include only short-term positive results with this experiment, and certain reluctance by the operators of these machines to give up proven money makers and to provide discounts. Berzins hopes that the government will enact a policy in which all body types are respected. While we can never force people’s attitudes about others to change, we can teach self-respect for those who face weight issues. Diverse body types are inbedded in nature. Some people are always going to be larger than the general populace, but this does not mean they should be made to feel ashamed, inadequate or inferior. She presents a Canadian model called â€Å"Vitality,† which was a nation-wide public awareness campaign with the slogan, â€Å"Enjoy eating well, being active, and feeling good about yourself,† which focuses on health instead of weight. Limiting the effectiveness of this theory is the fact that low self-esteem and weight issues commonly go hand in hand. It may well be just as difficult to change attitudes about self as it is to change attitudes about others. To help with the psychological issues of obesity, mentors, or life coaches should be available through the education program to offer encouragement and affirmation. A limitation of this model might be that those helping would not be mental health professionals. My solution is strong because it contains my own opinion about educating the public and adaptations of some of the authors’ suggestions to create a more comprehensive approach than offered by any of the individual authors. I use Gaesser’s realistic assertion that one’s health is mostly an issue of self responsibility, and that it is more important to be fit at a larger weight than to be unfit and thin. I also echo Smith’s declaration that dieting, in the long run, is not beneficial for the vast majority who use it, misguidedly, as a means for fitness and weight loss—a very realistic approach to this aspect of the problem. My inclusion of tax incentives to encourage food companies to produce healthier snacks and sell them at a reduced price is a strategy that will add to the others, confronting obesity from a variety of ways. I understand that this is still an open-ended problem, and others will have differing opinions on how to address obesity. My solution will be a useful approach, since there has never been a proven cure for obesity. Ultimately, any person who understands their personal responsibility regarding diet and exercise habits will most likely be more successful in addressing their obesity problem. References Berzins, L. (2001). The government can help prevent eating disorders. In. A. Ojeda. Opposing Viewpoints Series. Greenhaven Press. Retrieved on July 15, 2006 at http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/OVRC Buchholz, T. (2005). Fast food is not the primary cause of obesity. In. A. Ojeda (Ed. ) At Issue Series. Greenhaven Press. Retrieved on July 15, 2006 at http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/OVRC Cohen, D. Farley, T. 2004). Obesity is a serious health problem. In. A. Ojeda. Opposing Viewpoints Series. Greenhaven Press. Retrieved on July 15, 2006 at http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/OVRC Gaesser, G. ( 2004) The health risks of obesity have been exaggerated. In. A. Ojeda ( Ed. ) Opposing Viewpoints. Greenhaven Press. Retrieved on July 15, 2006 at http://galenet. galegroup. com/se rvlet/OVRC Levine, M. (1999). Why people overeat. In. A. Ojeda (Ed. ) Contemporary Issues Companion Series. Greenhaven Press. Retrieved on July 15, 2006 at http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/OVRC Poston, C. Shinn, E. (2003). The problem of obesity. In. A. Ojeda. Teen Decision Series. Greenhaven Press. Retrieved on July 15, 2006 at http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/OVRC Rosin, H. (2004). Junk-food taxes may encourage people to eat healthy foods. In. A. Ojeda (Ed. ). Health: Opposing Viewpoints. Greenhaven Press. Retrieved on July 15, 2006 at http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/OVRC Smith, S. (1996). Weight loss treatments are harmful and unnecessary. In. A. Ojeda (Ed. ) Opposing Viewpoints Series. Greenhaven Press. Retrieved on July 15, 2006 at http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/OVRC

The Williams Family for Genogram- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theWilliams Family for Genogram. Answer: Family history of postnatal depression. Hannahs mother suffered from postnatal depression after the birth of Hannah. Her mother is very supportive and is looking forward to take care of her grandchild. Stevens conflictual relationship with her father. His father was a harsh disciplinarian, who used to hit him with belt occasionally if he misbehaved. Limited support systems. Due to recent relocation the family have not met many people in the locality. Discontinued sexual relationship. Due to Hannahs caesarean section delivery she has declined any sexual relationship with Steven lately, although Steven is supportive of the decision. Stevens financial concerns, as Hannah has stopped working and has employed a paid manager to look after her boutique business. Hannah is concerned on how she would manage two little children, while her husband is away working. The strength based perspective in nursing practice identifies and utilizes relationships and processes that help support a family at times of need and adversity. Such strengths are evident in all families and communities and must be encouraged to optimize health outcomes. The foremost strength of the Williams is that Hannahs mother is very supportive of their family and is willing to spend her retired time in looking after her new-born grandchild. The childs father Steven is quite supportive in accepting her wifes decisions and looks forward to meet new people in his local Golf Club to enjoy a supportive environment in their neighbourhood.